Guru Nanak Jayanti: Celebrating the Divine Teachings of Guru Nanak Dev Ji

Guru Nanak Jayanti is not only a celebration of the birth of a spiritual leader but also a time for devotees to reflect on and embrace Guru Nanak Dev Ji’s teachings in their lives. The festival promotes unity, love, and compassion, transcending boundaries of religion and community. On this auspicious day, Sikhs around the world come together to honor the timeless messages of Guru Nanak, striving to uphold his vision of a peaceful, just, and harmonious society. Through prayer, service, and celebration, Guru Nanak Jayanti continues to inspire and guide generations toward a life of integrity, humility, and faith.

Guru Nanak Jayanti, also known as Gurpurab or Prakash Utsav, marks the birth anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the revered founder of Sikhism and the first of the ten Sikh Gurus. Observed with immense devotion and joy, this festival is celebrated on the full moon day (Purnima) of Kartik month in the Hindu lunar calendar, usually falling in October or November. In 2024, Guru Nanak Jayanti is a time for devotees to reflect on the teachings of Guru Nanak, centered on love, equality, humility, and unity.

Significance of Guru Nanak Jayanti

Guru Nanak Dev Ji, born in 1469 in Nankana Sahib (now in Pakistan), preached values of compassion, truth, and service to humanity. His teachings laid the foundation of Sikhism, emphasizing the oneness of God, equality for all, and the rejection of caste, creed, and superstition. The messages of Guru Nanak continue to inspire people of all backgrounds, promoting universal brotherhood and spirituality. Guru Nanak Jayanti is a celebration of these timeless principles and an opportunity for followers to honor his life and teachings.

Key Rituals and Celebrations of Guru Nanak Jayanti

1. Akhand Path: Celebrations begin with the Akhand Path, a continuous, uninterrupted recitation of the Guru Granth Sahib (the holy scripture of Sikhism) over 48 hours in Gurdwaras (Sikh temples). This spiritual act is meant to inspire reflection and reinforce the importance of faith.

2. Prabhat Pheri (Early Morning Processions): Devotees organize early morning processions called Prabhat Pheris, walking around neighborhoods while singing hymns and devotional songs. These processions spread the teachings and spirit of Guru Nanak and are a central part of the festivities.

3. Nagarkirtan: Nagarkirtan is a grand procession held a day before Guru Nanak Jayanti, led by the Panj Pyare (the five beloved ones). The procession includes the holy Guru Granth Sahib, carried on a decorated palanquin, with followers singing hymns and playing traditional music. Martial arts performances, or Gatka, are also a part of the Nagarkirtan, symbolizing strength, unity, and dedication to righteousness.

4. Gurdwara Prayers and Langar: On Guru Nanak Jayanti, Sikhs visit Gurdwaras for special prayers and kirtan (devotional singing). One of the highlights of the celebration is the langar, a free community meal served in Gurdwaras, where people of all backgrounds and faiths are welcome. Langar represents the teachings of Guru Nanak on selfless service, equality, and unity.

5. Lighting and Decorations: Gurdwaras and homes are decorated with lights and candles, illuminating the spiritual essence of the festival. Fireworks and light displays add to the festive atmosphere, symbolizing the divine light that Guru Nanak brought to the world.

Teachings and Messages of Guru Nanak Dev Ji

Guru Nanak’s core teachings, enshrined in the holy Guru Granth Sahib, revolve around three guiding principles:

• Naam Japna: Remembrance of God’s name through meditation and recitation.
• Kirat Karni: Earning an honest livelihood through hard work.
• Vand Chakna: Sharing wealth and blessings with others, especially those in need.

Guru Nanak emphasized the idea of “Ik Onkar” (One God), promoting unity and the belief that all creation is interconnected. His teachings encourage followers to live a balanced life of spirituality, humility, and community service.